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Burt Lancaster
Burton Stephen "Burt" Lancaster (November 2, 1913 – October 20, 1994) was an American film actor noted for his athletic physique, blue eyes, and distinctive smile (which he called "The Grin"). After initially building his career in "tough guy" roles, Lancaster abandoned his all-American image in the late 1950s in favor of more complex and challenging roles, and came to be regarded as one of the best motion picture actors in history.
Lancaster was nominated four times for Academy Awards and won once for his work in ''Elmer Gantry'' in 1960. He also won a Golden Globe for that performance and BAFTA Awards for ''The Birdman of Alcatraz'' (1962) and ''Atlantic City'' (1980). His production company, Hecht-Hill-Lancaster, was the most successful and innovative star-driven independent production companies in Hollywood in the 1950s, making movies such as ''Marty'' (1955), ''Trapeze'' (1956), ''Sweet Smell of Success'' (1957), and ''Separate Tables'' (1958).
In 1999, the American Film Institute named Lancaster 19th among the greatest male star of classic Hollywood cinema.〔("America's Greatest Legends." ) ''American Film Institute.'' Retrieved: July 29, 2009.〕
==Youth==
Lancaster was born in Manhattan, New York City, at his parents' home at 209 East 106th Street, between Second and Third Avenues, today the site of Benjamin Franklin Plaza. Lancaster was the son of Elizabeth (née Roberts) and James Henry Lancaster, who was a postman.〔Buford 2008, p. 12.〕 Both of his parents were Protestants of working-class origin. All of Lancaster's grandparents were Irish immigrants to the U.S.; his maternal grandparents were from Belfast, and were descendants of English immigrants to Ireland.〔 The family believed themselves to be related to Frederick Roberts, 1st Earl Roberts. Lancaster grew up in East Harlem and spent much of his time on the streets, where he developed great interest and skill in gymnastics while attending DeWitt Clinton High School, where he was a basketball star. Before he graduated from DeWitt Clinton, his mother died of a cerebral hemorrhage. Lancaster was accepted into New York University with an athletic scholarship, but subsequently dropped out.〔Buford 2008, p. 28.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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